Freight cost should be classified as a direct offset to sale, not as an expense.（)

ring the asset and placing it in a position and condition for use in the operations of the business. Only reasonable and necessary expenditures should be 【21】______ For example, if the company' truck driver receives a traffic ticket while hauling a new machine to the plant, the traffic 【22】______ is not part of the cost of the new machine. If the machine is dropped and 【23】______ while being uploaded, the cost of repairing the damage should be 【24】______ as expense in the current period and should not be added 【25】______ the cost of the machine.

Cost is most easily determined 【26】______ an asset is purchased for cash. The cost of the as set is then 【27】______ to the cash outlay necessary in acquiring the asset 【28】______ any expenditure for freight, insurance while in transit, installation, trial runs, and any other 【29】______ necessary to make the asset ready for use. If plant assets are 【30】______ on the installment plan or by issuance of notes payable, the interest element or carrying charge should be 【31】______ as interest expense and not as part of the cost of the plant assets.

Why should all the incidental charges 【32】______ to the acquisition of a machine 【33】______ included in its cost？ Why 【34】______ treat these incidental charges as expenses of the period in which the machine is acquired？

The answer is to be found in the basic accounting 【35】______ of matching costs and revenue. The benefits of 【36】______ the machine will be received over a span of years, 10 years, for example. During those 10 years the 【37】______ of the machine will contribute to revenue. 【38】______ , the total costs of the machine should be recorded in the accounts as a(n) 【39】______ and allocated against the revenue of the 10 years. All costs incurred in acquiring the machine are costs for services to be 【40】______ from using the machine.

【21】

A．excluded

B．included

C．combined

D．spent

CIF means Cost, （） and Freight。

A．Money

B．Inspect

C．Insurance

D．Inspection

汉译英：“离岸价；到岸价”，正确的翻译为：()

A．free on board；cost and freight

B．insurance and freight；free on board

C．free on board；cost，insurance and freight

D．cost and freight；insurance and freight

in the port of shipment.( )

汉译英：“离岸价；到岸价”，正确的翻译为：()。

A．cost and freight；insurance and freight

B．insurance and freight；free on board

C．free on board；cost and freight

D．free on board；cost，insurance and freight

汉译英：“离岸价；到岸价”，正确的翻译为()。

A．free on board；cost and freight

B．insurance and freight；free on board

C．free on board；cost，insurance and freight

D．cost and freight；insurance and freight

A.A. Tramp rate including( ).

B.B. fixed cost

C.C. variable cost

D.D. insurance cost

E.E. fuel cost

The trade term CIF is the abbreviation for ().

A. Cost and Freight

B. Cost, Insurance and Freight

C. Cost, Insurance and Fee

D. Clistoms, Inspection and Quarantine

A.DDP（Delivered Duty Paid）

B.DAP（Delivered At Place）

C.CIF（Cost Insurance Freight）

D.DDU（Delivered Duty Unpaid）

汉译英：“离岸价；到岸价”，正确的翻译为（）。

A．free on board；cost and freight

B．insurance and freight；free on board

C．free on board；cost，insurance and freight

D．cost and freight；insurance and freight