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A．considered
B．advocated
C．reported
D．balanced
答案
更多“The local health organization is ______ to have been set up twenty five years ago when Dr.”相关的问题
第1题
With a health insurance policy, if you get sick traveling away from home,______.
A．you may get pocket money from the local hospital you are in
B．your family members may go to see you at the insurance company's expense
C．you may choose to stay in the best local hospital
D．you may get a nurse from the insurance company to take cure of you
第2题
s and established and supervised all facets of health policy.Along with a system of national,provincial, and local facilities,the ministry regulated a network of industrial and state enterprise hospitals and other facilities covering the health needs of workers of those enterprises.In 1981 this additional network provided approximately 25 percent of the country's total health services.
第3题
A．doctors at the health centers
B．farmers in the local market
C．restaurants serving fast food
D．manufactures providing concerned medicine
第4题
CDC's team of “virus hunters” is supported by specialized public health teams both in West Africa and at the CDC Atlanta headquarters. Together, they offer continuous support to save lives and protect people. CDC works closely with a number of U.S. government agencies, national and international partners. CDC's experience of working with Ebola is important to the World Health Organization's growing West Africa Ebola response.
On Sept. 2, 2014, CDC Director, Tom Frieden called for more international partners to join this effort. “The sooner the world comes together to help West Africa, the safer we all will be. We know how to stop this outbreak. There is a window of opportunity to do so the challenge is to scale up the massive response needed to stop this outbreak.”
CDC's response to Ebola is the largest international outbreak response in CDC's history with over 100 disease specialists on the ground in West Africa, supported by hundreds of public health emergency response experts stateside , activated at Level 1, its highest level, because of the significance of this outbreak.
The CDC supports affected countries to establish Emergency Operations Centers at national and local levels and helps countries track the epidemic including using real-time data to improve real-time response.
Efforts in West Africa to identify those infected and track people who have come into contact with them are improving. The CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to improve diagnosis and testing samples from people with suspected Ebola from around the world. Local health care systems are strengthened through communication, coordination with partners and training on infection control for health care workers and safe patient treatment.
26. The 2014 Ebola out bread ask is the first one in western countries.()
27. The headquarters of CDC is in Atlanta.()
28. CDC works closely with some US government agencies, national and international partners in response to the large Ebola outbreak.()
29. There were less than 100 disease specialists from CDC in West Africa for the Ebola response.()
30.CDC is operating and supporting labs in the region to test samples from people with suspected Ebola in West Africa.()
第5题
回答题
Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee？
When people argue about whether coffee is good for health， they"re usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart？ Does it increase blood pressure？ Does it help you concentrate？ However， coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways， too.Traditionally， coffee bushes were planted under the canopy（树冠）of taller indigenous（土生土长的）trees. However， more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first， this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren"t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.
Unfortunately， deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators（捕食者）in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.
Furthermore， in the long term， the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant， but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well， and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.
Fortunately， farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure， these varieties might cost a little more. But we"re paying for the health of the birds， the land， ourselves， and the planet. I think it"s worth it.
What is the main idea of this passage？ 查看材料
A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.
B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.
C.Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee
D.People should buy shade-grown coffee.
第6题
请根据短文内容，回答题。
Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee？
When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they&39;re usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it good for your heart？ Does it increase blood pressure？ Does it help you concentrate？ However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.＜br＞
Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the canopy (树冠) of taller indigenous (土生土长的) trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there aren&39;t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.＜br＞
Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local wildlife habitat.＜br＞
Native birds nest and hide from predators (捕食者) in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.＜br＞
Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.＜br＞
Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly". Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we&39;re paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it&39;s worth it.
What is the main idea of this passage？ 查看材料
A.Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee
B.Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce
C.Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee
D.People should buy shade-grown coffee
第7题
Why the workforce is important
Picture of the global workforce
Based on new analyses of national censuses, labour surveys and statistical sources, WHO estimates there to be a total of 59.2 million full-time paid health workers worldwide. These workers are in health enterprises whose primary role is to improve health(such as health programmes operated by government or nongovernmental organizations) plus additional health workers in non-health organizations(such as nurses staffing a company or school clinic). Health service providers constitute about two thirds of the global health workforce, while the remaining third is composed of health management and support workers.
Workers are not just individuals but are integral parts of functioning health teams in which each member contributes different skills and performs different functions. Countries demonstrate enormous diversity in the skill mix of health teams. The ratio of nurses to doctors ranges from nearly 8:1 in the African Region to 1.5:1 in the Western Pacific Region. Among countries, there are approximately four nurses per doctor in Canada and the United States of America, while Chile, Peru, El Salvador and Mexico have fewer than one nurse per doctor. The spectrum of essential worker competencies is characterized by imbalances as seen, for example, in the dire(可怕的) shortage of public health specialists and health care managers in many countries. Typically, more than 70% of doctors are male while more than 70% of nurses are female a marked gender imbalance. About two thirds of the workers are in the public sector and one third in the private sector.
Driving forces: past and future
Workers in health systems around the world are experiencing increasing stress and insecurity as they react to a complex array of forces some old, some new. Demographic(人口统计学的)and epidemiological transitions drive changes in population-based health threats to which the workforce must respond. Financing policies, technological advances and consumer expectations can dramatically shift demands on the workforce in health systems. Workers seek opportunities and job security in dynamic health labour markets that are part of the global political economy.
The spreading HIV/AIDS epidemic imposes huge work burdens, risks and threats. In many countries, health sector reform. under structural adjustment capped public sector employment and limited investment in health worker education, thus drying up the supply of young graduates. Expanding labour markets have intensified professional concentration in urban areas and accelerated international migration from the poorest to the wealthiest countries. The consequent workforce crisis in many of the poorest countries is characterized by severe shortages, inappropriate skill mixes, and gaps in service coverage.
WHO has identified a threshold in workforce density below which high coverage of essential interventions, including those necessary to meet the health-related Millennium Development Goals(MDGs), is very unlikely. Based on these estimates, there are currently 57 countries with critical shortages equivalent to a global deficit of 2.@4 million doctors, nurses and midwives. The proportional shortfalls axe greatest in sub-Sabaran Africa, although numerical deficits are very large in South -East Asia because of its population size. Paradoxically, these insufficiencies often coexist in a country with large numbers of unemployed health professionals. Poverty, imperfect private labour markets, lack of public funds, bureaucratic red tape and political interference produce this paradox of shortages in the midst of underutilized talent.
Skill mix and distributional imbalances compound today's problems. In many countries, the skills of limited yet expensive professionals are not well matched to the local profile of health needs. Critical skills in public h
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第8题
Turning Brownfields into Greenbacks
Inactive industrial sites are transforming into productive facilities.
Brownfields are industrial sites whose future use is restricted because of real or perceived pollution. The number of brownfield sites tins grown exponentially during the, past 25 years. The growth curve has reached epidemic proportions-as many as 650,000 brownfield sites exist in the United States today.
Both the public and private sectors realize the problem cannot continue to grow unchecked.
More of the impetus for redevelopment comes from state and local governments, which is not surprising since the brownfield epidemic directly affects thousands of U.S. communities. Many of these impacts are so serious that they threaten fiscal and social health of communities. Brownfield sites frequently result in a decreased tax base, urban blight, loss of infrastructure, suburban sprawl, the depletion of farmland and a loss of employment opportunities. State and local governments are more directly affected by these problems than their federal counterpart.
Although the impact is felt most strongly at the state and local levels, federal legislation is largely responsible for the brownfield phenomenon. In particular, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act's (CERCLA) onerous (繁重的) provisions have induced thousands of property owners, lenders and prospective purchasers to shun industrial property.
Theoretically, various provisions allow owners and lenders to avoid liability. Unfortunately, two of the primary ways to avoid liability are fraught with difficulty. Both the innocent landowner defence and the security interest exemption (免除) contain ambiguous language that is troubling to the members of the regulated community they were designed to protect.
The ambiguity, coupled with CERCLA's draconian liability scheme, has created a vacuum. Existing owners, prospective purchasers and lenders have become alert to industrial properties. Hundreds of thousands of moderately troubled properties sit idle because of the threat of CERCLA liability. These sites constitute the nation's approximately 650,000 brownfields. Until recently, prospective purchasers, lenders and tenants have had no reason to risk CERCLA liability by becoming involved in brownfield sites-but things are beginning to change. Federal and state governments have taken steps to encourage private parties to revitalize brownfields. An important plank in both federal and state programmes are provisions that limit owner and lender liability.
Federal Initiatives
The federal government has revised its policy on prospective purchaser agreements—contracts between the EPA and buyers of contaminated sites. The EPA originally published its Prospective Purchaser Guidance in 1989. At that time its policy was to avoid entanglements in what it viewed as private real estate deals. Since then, the number of inactive industrial sites has increased dramatically. State and local governments across the country complained loudly about the impact the sites were having on the economic and social health of their communities. The EPA now makes it easier for prospective purchasers to quantify their cleanup obligations by executing a prospective purchaser agreement.
Other important initiatives included in EPA's Brownfield Action Agenda were the Underground Storage Tank Lender Liability Rule and Owners of Property Containing Contaminated Aquifers Guidance.
State Initiatives
Many states have enacted Voluntary Cleanup Programmes (VCPs), designed to encourage the reuse of dormant industrial sites. Most VCPs offer mechanisms that limit owner liability for those not contributing to the sites' environmental problems.
Some VCPs allow regulators to enter into covenants not to sue, which provides owners with the abili
A．Y
B．N
C．NG
第9题
根据下面材料，回答题。
Disease, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention
Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions. There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and in its effect on the person.
In order to treat a disease, the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness--that is, make a diagnosis. A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together.
The doctor must know the symptoms, which are the changes in body function felt by the patient;and the signs (also called objective symptoms) which the doctor himself can observe. Sometimes a characteristic group of signs (or symptoms) accompanied a given disease. Such a group is called a syndrome. Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis.
Although nurses do not diagnose, they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs, encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms, and then reporting this information to the doctor. Once the patient&39;s disorder is known, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy. Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician&39;s orders.
In recent years physicians, nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention. Throughout most of medical history, the physician&39;s aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease. However, the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens -- to keep people well through the promotion of health. A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization (WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs. A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health--physical and mental.
By disease it means the condition in which one or more parts of the body fail to function properly. 查看材料
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
第10题
There has been an U.S. Office of Education【C7】______1867 and it was the Education Division of the federal Department of Health, Education, and Welfare since 1953. In 1979 it became the Department of Education to【C8】______policies and administer and coordinate (协调) more than 150 federal aid-to-education【C9】______,such as student loan programs, education programs【C10】______migrant workers.
【C11】______of the principal functions of the Department of Education today is the【C12】______to the States of tile large sums of money given by Congress for【C13】______purposes. The money must be used for the【C14】______ specified by Congress, but the states【C15】______have the responsibility for distributing it and for【C16】______use in educational pursuits within their borders.【C17】______recent years some funds from federal agencies have been【C18】______for direct aid to schools, colleges, and universities for research, construction of facilities, and development of curriculums and library resources regarded as important in the national【C19】______. The institutions must submit applications for the money to get approval【C20】______the federal agencies dealing with the funds.
【C1】
A．when
B．while
C．since
D．as
