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更多“One Chinese foreign trade corporation exported a batch of goods to a Britain trader under CIF London”相关的问题
第1题
第2题
Question: According to United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, can the customer revoke the telex reply of October 27 and accept our original offer？ Is this deal concluded？
(Translate the case into Chinese and the answer the question)
Helpful hint: This case is mainly about the offer and counter-offer.
第3题
Takeover hostility
Acquisitions of Chinese enterprises by foreign companies are increasingly being challenged amidst a growing mood of "economic patriotism."
The former National Bureau of Statistics Commissioner Li Deshui is one of the most prominent of the critics. During last month's session of the National People's Congress(NPC. the country's law-making body, he warned that the acquisition of promising local companies by multinational investors was creating monopolies in a number of sectors.
"If China lets multinationals' malicious mergers and acquisitions go ahead freely, China can only act as labor in the global supply chain," said Li, worrying that Chinese brands and the innovation ability of the national industry would disappear gradually and core parts, key technologies and high value added of China's leading enterprises might be completely controlled by multinationals."
His pointed criticism generated wide media exposure and created fears of a foreign mergers and acquisitions(M&A) threat.
Several factors have contributed to the climate, including national pride, lingering resentment over Chinese oil giant CNOOC's failed US $18 billion bid for Unocal last year, and a protectionist resurgence, partly in response to a growing protectionist sentiment in the United States and Europe against low-cost Chinese exporters.
"These emotions about foreign capital are the last thing we want," says Fei Guoping, director of the China Mergers & Acquisitions Association under the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce.
"Such unwarranted enthusiasm will only hurt the country's economic development. What we want is to make sane progress in building an M&A review system based on national economic security," says Fei, who is the chief writer of a proposal on such a review system submitted by the federation to the NPC last month.
While the Chinese Government welcomes foreign investment, through M&As or otherwise, the explosive increase in FDI has given multinationals a degree of market power that many Chinese find worrying and potentially damaging to the development of domestic enterprises.
However, if the worry is directed at the scale of foreign investment, it is missing the target, says Fei, who believes the key point is the absence of a law and a government body to look at possible M&As that may hurt national security.
In China, some department regulations involve M&A reviews and several government bodies have the power to look at parts of the M&A cases.
The Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)) and the National Development and Reform. Commission(NDRC) are entrusted with the primary responsibility of supervising foreign-related M&A transactions. The former is the principal foreign investment regulator while the latter is responsible for approving the foreign investment project application.
The nature of the target may lead to the involvement of other regulators. The State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission plays a significant role in transactions involving State-owned enterprises. The China Securities Regulatory Commission, which is responsible for monitoring and regulating China's capital markets, will be involved in transactions linked to listed companies.
There is a higher level of government participation in M&As in China than is typical in other countries, says an official from skincare company L'Oreal, which acquired local brand Mininurse.
"Despite the recent relaxation of foreign investment restrictions, pervasive approval requirements re- main a distinctive feature of M&A transactions in China," says the official, who did not want to be named.
While the complicated M&A review process often scares away potential investors, few efforts are made dur
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第4题
In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors ale offering on the market, what prices they are quoting, what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information？ There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor's offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.
Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course, there are some other ways of making market investigations.
In making market investigation, one should ______.
A．get enough information concerned
B．advertise his products
C．produce high quality goods
D．none of the above
第5题
But Japan, which hosts over 100,000 foreign students a year, is having trouble making the most of its foreign students. “I’ve been here for three years,” says a 26-year-old Chinese student in Osaka. “I don’t have any Japanese friends, I’ve never been invited to a Japanese home, and I’ve never felt very welcome here.”
That’s hardly the kind of impression that the Japanese government wants foreign students taking home to their families and classmates, but it seems to be a widespread sentiment(情感). One newspaper complained that, “If foreign students tell everyone how they hate this country when they go home, we should ask for what purpose we are hosting them to begin with.”
Many of the students arrive with hopes to learn Japanese and stay on for a few years working for a Japanese company. However, that doesn’t always work out. Many foreign students graduate from a Japanese university only to discover that “Japanese companies don’t hire foreigners because they think they cannot trust non-Japanese people,” says one job-seeker from the Philippines.
This is a problem for universities. With the Japanese birth rate one of the lowest in the world, Japanese schools are turning to foreign students to fill their classrooms.
The government has actively tried to increase the number of foreign students, up from fewer than 10,000 only 20 years ago. But, as one student in Tokyo says, “Japan’s policy is one of persuading people to come and then dissuading them from staying.”
1). According to the author, studying abroad ________.
A. does good to most foreign students and the host country
B. ensures a chance to get promoted
C. has a great effect on most foreign students
D. both A and C
2). How is life in Japan in the eyes of most foreign students？
A. Helpful and meaningful.
B. Busy yet attractive.
C. Boring and disappointing.
D. Tiring yet rewarding.
3). The word “dissuading” in the last paragraph probably means ________ .
A. discouraging
B. encouraging
C. advising
D. informing
4). Which of the following is NOT true？
A. Japan is one of the countries with the lowest birth rate worldwide.
B. The present situation in Japan lies in the slow action by the government.
C. It is almost impossible for foreign graduates to work in Japanese companies.
D. learning Japanese and having work experience are the hopes of many arrivals.
5). A suitable title for this passage might be ________.
A. Poor Reception in Japan
B. Japanese Foreign Policies
C. Japanese Shifting Population
D. Successful Careers in Japan
第6题
The Long March
A Long Way to Go for Chinese Entrepreneurs
Prospects of a new direction
"Made in China" lost its novelty long ago. The label has become widespread in much of the world, affixed to shoes, toys, apparel and a host of other items produced for global companies. What is novelty, however, are China-made goods sold under Chinese brand names. Only a handful of Chinese firms so far have the money and the management expertise to establish international brands. Most of the vast remainders are struggling to get even national recognition. But the pioneering companies which have started exploring overseas market might be regarded as on the threshold of something big.
Some believe that individually, with the help of enterprising local management or eager multinational partners wanting to add new products to their stable, Chinese brands could become a global phenomenon within a decade, marketed on quality and foreign appeal, as well as competitive pricing. Says Viveca Chan, Hong Kong based managing director at Grey China, an advertising agency: "If there' s one country in the world that has ample potential for taking brands global, it's China."
Why going abroad？
The concept of Chinese brands has been evolving through the 1990s, but is now getting greater attention at home. Although the domestic market is still robust, a handful of state-owned enterprises, or SOEs, including listed Chinese companies, are now looking to establish international brands because they believe the quality of both their products and their management has improved. Chinese joint ventures think their products can compete on quality with foreign brands anywhere, while enjoying the advantage of being perceived as exotic.
Besides bringing in additional revenue, a global brand also burnishes a company's image in China, stimulating sales among status-conscious domestic consumers. For example, state-owned soft-drinks maker Jianlibao has developed its overseas market in part to "establish a good image", which in turn enhances consumption at home, says Chief Executive Han Weixian.
Difficulties on the way
But building a brand takes time, money and marketing wisdom. Many Chinese brands have nudged into the international market on the back of competitive pricing and only a few have utilized other strategies. Jianlibao has highlighted its Asian appeal, presenting itself as the preferred sports-drink of China's athletes. Others like Haier, one of China's leading home-appliance producers, have pointedly avoided pricing strategy, competing instead on product quality and an efficient distribution and after-sales service.
Of course, global sales don't mean global brands, as Grey China's Chan points out. And it's still early days for Chinese companies. For a start, investment funds for brand promotion are hard to obtain, says Chu Liangjin, the Qingdao-based director of the overseas division of China's Tsingtao Brewery. "No more than 5% of our total export sales can be reinvested in promoting our brand overseas," explains Chu, adding that Tsingtao is trying to persuade the foreign-currency authorities to change this standard practice for SOEs. With the government's emphasis on preventing the outflow of foreign currency, the chances of the restrictions being lifted are small.
Although targeted only at SOEs, the 5% limit is bound to hamper Chinese brands. Jianlibao, for example, has invested about ＄10 million to sell its brand in the U.S. market, but Li Jingwei, the company's general manager, knows that's just a drop in the bucket. He believes that to successfully generate brand recognition among Americans, the company needs to spend at least ＄50 million to ＄100 million on marketing. He has no doubt that consumers will like Jianlibao's range of sports and soft drinks, but explains that
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B．N
C．NG
第7题
More and more students want to study in "hot" majors. Being a 【M1】______
result, many students want to give up their interests and study in
these spaces such as foreign languages, international business and 【M2】______
law, etc.
Fewer and fewer students choose scientific majors, such as
maths, physics and biology, and art majors, or history, Chinese and 【M3】______
philosophy.
Quiet a few students can study in these "hot" majors, because 【M4】______
the number of these "hot" majors is limited.
If one had no interest in his work or study, how can he do 【M5】______
well？ I learned this from one of my classmates. He is from the
countryside. His parents are farmers. 5hough he likes biology', he chose
"international business". He wants to live a life which is different
from which of his parents. 【M6】______
In the end, he found he was interested in doing business. He 【M7】______
Found all the subjects to be rare. Maybe this would' t have happened 【M8】______
if he had chosen his major according to his own interests. 【M9】______
Choosing a major in university do not decide one's whole life. 【M10】______
Majors which are not "hot" today may become the "hot" major of tomorrow.
【M1】
第8题
Prospecting the Local Oil Market
As a part of its WTO commitments, China opened its retail oil market at the end of last year. By December 2006, China will open up its wholesale market, allowing foreign enterprises to sell oil in large quantities and compete head on with China's state-owned oil companies. Foreign oil businesses will be able to build up oil depots, set up wharfs (码头) for shipping and create bigger sales networks. In order to capture as much market share in China as possible, many foreign oil giants have already allocated (拨款) capital to expand their presence in China and devised strategic plans to increase their competitive edge.
Fierce competition is unavoidable as the Chinese oil market opens further. China is now the world's third largest consumer of oil. Currently, the two state-owned enterprises, China Petroleum and Chemical Corp. (Sinopec) and China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC), dominate the Chinese wholesale market, and foreign companies must get their approval before they can enter local retail and wholesale markets. In addition, the oil import business is monopolized by the following five Chinese enterprises: Sinopec, CNPC, Sinochem Corp., China National Offshore Oil Corp. and Zhuhai Zhen Rong Co. Nevertheless, experts say that as long as WTO commitments are honored, the monopoly in China's oil sector will be broken. Though the market share of foreign companies will likely increase to some extent, experts say that it shouldn't challenge the dominance of Sinopec and CNPC.
Breaking the Monopoly
"After 2006, the monopoly will end. The market will be carved up by three kinds of companies: state-owned wholesale enterprises, foreign enterprises and domestic private enterprises," noted an expert.
Coincidentally, China tried to adopt a relatively free market before 1999. Privateand state-owned enterprises were developing together in the oil retail and wholesale markets. However, by 1998, the oil market became uncontrolled. It fell into disorder with the positioning of too many gas stations and rampant international oil smuggling. With ineffective government management and control, the private enterprises expanded viciously, costing Sinopec and CNPC millions of U.S. dollars income losses.
In May 1999, the State Council decided to rectify (改正) the disorder in the domestic oil market by retaining no wholesalers other than Sinopec and CNPC. Therefore, the wholesale market changed from a free market into one monopolized and controlled by Sinopec and CNPC.
After China's entry into the WTO, the wholesale market was loosened to some extent. In October 2003, Hubei Tianfa Co. Ltd. was granted a license to enter the wholesale market by the Ministry of Commerce, allowed to deal in the gasoline, kerosene, and diesel oil wholesale business. While it marked the entry of a third company in the wholesale market, the license was the first ever granted to a Chinese private enterprise since the market was restructured in 1999. Since then, Chinese private capital has gradually begun to enter the wholesale oil market.
Foreign Competition Ready
The wholesale oil market is going to be opened up in 2006 and the cooperation between foreign oil companies and their Chinese counterparts is beginning to change. The focus of foreign companies is changing from cooperation with Chinese companies to exploration and development. They are now building their own petroleum processing and storage stations and increasing their stake in the sales center.
According to the current local policy, the storage capacity of a wholesaler's oil storage depots must be larger than 4000 cubic meters. Last year, BP Global (British Petroleum) built up the Nansha oil depot as a joint venture with Guangzhou Development Industry Co. Ltd. The Nansha oil depot, currently the largest and most advanced oil depot in Chi
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第9题
【C1】
A．Being
B．For
C．Having
D．As
第10题
The foreign friend speaks Chinese so well as if he ______ a Chinese.
A．is B．be C．should be D．were
