Describe standards of calculating freight on liners.

What accounts for the high dropout rates for online students？

A.Thereis no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.

B.Theevaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.

C.There is nomechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.

D.Lack of classroominteraction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.

Part A

Suppose that you ordered a refrigerator but later found a problem. Write a letter of complaint to describe the matter and require settlement. You should write approximately 100 words.

Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.

her education from the mid-1860's to the mid-1880's, 3 primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed. Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni (校友) and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive "Young Yale" movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college's poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.

The old style. classical education received its most crushing blow in the citadel of Harvard College, where Dr. Charles Eliot, a young captain of 35, son of a former treasurer of Harvard, led the progressive forces. 5 revolutionary advances were made during the first years of Dr. Eliot's administration. They were the elevation and amplification of entrance requirements, the enlargement of the curriculum and the development of the elective system, the recognition of graduate study in the liberal arts, the raising of professional training in law and medicine, and the fostering of greater maturity in student life. Standards of admission were sharply advanced in 187,2-1873 and 1876-1877. By the appointment of a dean to take charge of student affairs, and a wise handling of discipline, the undergraduates were led to regard themselves more as young gentlemen and less as young animals. One new course of study after another was opened up: science, music, the history of the fine arts, advanced Spanish, political economy, physics, classical philology, and international law.

Which of the following is the author's main purpose in writing the passage？

A．To present the history of Harvard College and compare it with that of Yale University.

B．To criticize the conditions of the U.S. universities in the 19th century.

C．To describe innovations in the U.S. higher education in the later 1800's.

D．To introduce what was happening in major U. S. universities before the mm of the century.

Measuring Human Behavior

Psychological Testing is the measurement of some aspect of human behavior. by procedures consisting of carefully prescribed con tent, methods of administration, and interpretation. The test may address any aspect of intellectual or emotional functioning, including personality traits, attitudes, intelligence, or emotional concerns. Interpretation is based on a comparison of the individual's responses with those previously obtained to establish appropriate standards for the test scores. The usefulness of psychological tests depends on their accuracy in predicting behavior. By providing information about the probability of a person's responses or performance, tests aid in making a variety of decisions.

The primary drive behind the development of the major tests used today was the need for practical guidelines for solving social problems. The first useful intelligence test was prepared in 1905 by the French psychologists Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. The two developed a 30item scale to ensure that no child could be denied instruction in the Paris school system without formal examination. In 1916, the American psychologist Lewis Terman produced the first Stanford Revision of the BinetSimon scale to provide comparison standards for Americans from age three to adulthood. The test was further revised in 1937 and 1960, and today the Stanford Binet remains one of the most widely used intelligence tests.

The need to classify soldiers during World War I resulted in the development of two group intelligence tests—Army Alpha and Army Beta. To help detect soldiers who might break down in combat, the American psychologist Robert Woodworth designed the Personal Data Sheet, a forerunner of the modern personality inventory. During the 1930s controversies over the nature of intelligence led to the development of the WechslerBellevue Intelligence Scale, which not only provided an index of general mental ability but also revealed patterns of intellectual strengths and weaknesses. The Wechsler tests now extend from the preschool through the adult age range and are at least as prominent as the StanfordBinet.

As interest in the newly emerging field of psychoanalysis grew in the 1930s, two important projective techniques introduced systematic ways to study unconscious motivation: the Rorschach or inkblot testdeveloped by the Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach—using a series of inkblots on cards, and a storytelling procedure called the Thematic Apperception Testdeveloped by the American psychologists Henry A. Murray and C. D. Morgan. Both of these tests are frequently included in contemporary personality assessment.

In educational settings, intelligence and achievement tests are administered routinely to assess individual accomplishment and to improve instruction and curriculum planning. Elementary schools use kindergarten and firstgrade screening procedures to determine readiness for reading and writing programs. Screening tests also identify developmental, visual, and auditory problems for which the child may need special assistance. If the child's progress in school is un usually slow, or if he or she shows signs of a learning disability or behavior. disorder, testing may clarify whether the difficulty is neurologically or emotionally based. Many high schools administer interest inventories and aptitude tests to assist in the students' educational or vocational planning.

In clinics or hospitals, psychological tests may be administered for purposes of diagnosis and treatment planning. Clinical tests can provide information about overall personality functioning and the need for psychotherapy; testing also may focus of some specific question, such as the presence or absence of organically based brain disorder. Clinical testing usually involves a battery of test, interpreted as a whole, to describe intellectual and emotional states. Dec

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

回答题:

Too much to read!It’S impossible to find time to read today’S top business books and thousands are published each year．Yet not keeping up with those books could be a serious and expensive mistake．Often the ideas and insights they contain are available nowhere else．

But how Can you even（19）_______ which titles are worthwhile，let alone find time to read them？Fortunately，there’S a（20）_______ ：Sound view Executive Book Summaries．It really（21）_______ In fact，it"s（22）_______ o work．It is ingenious and essential．Every month， you（23）_______ two or three quick readin9，time saving（24）_______ of the best new business books．Each contains all the key points in the（25）_______ book．The big difference，instead of 200 t0 500 pages，the summary is only several pages．Instead of（26）_______ five，ten or more hours to read，it takes just l5 minutes．

Of the thousands of business books（27）_______ annually，only a（28）_______ are really worth readin9．To save your time，our Editorial Board goes over them all（29）_______ 90%．Our standards are（30）_______ ，and the criteria rigorous．

When a book meets all our tests，we prepare a summary，instead of a review or a digest．

You get a skillful distillation that preserves the content and spirit of the（31）_______ books．

The titles cover every（32）_______ 0f concem to business people today．There’S（33）

else like Sound view Executive Book Summaries ……

回答第19题。 查看材料

A.see

B.know

C.ask

D.answer

fully concealed it from all but his mast intimate friends. The touching document addressed to his brothers in 1802, and known as his "Will" should be read in its entirety. He reproached men for their injustice in thinking and calling him pugnacious, stubborn, and misanthropical when they did not know that for six years he had suffered from an incurable condition aggravated by incompetent doctors. He dwelled upon his delight in human society from which he had had so early to isolate himself, but the thought of which now filled him with dread as it made 14ira realize his loss, not in music — but in all finer interchange of ideas. He requested that after his death his present doctor shall be asked to describe his illness and to append it to his document in order that at least then the world might be as far as possible reconciled with him. He left his brothers property, such as it was, if more conventional than the rest of the document.

During the last twelve years of his life, his nephew was the cause of most of his anxiety and distress. His brother, Kaspar Karl died in 1815, leaving a widow and a son The boy turned out utterly unworthy of his uncle's persistent devotion and gave him every cause for anxiety. He failed in all his examinations, including an attempt to learn some trade in the polytechnic school, whereupon he fell into the hands of the police for at- tempting suicide, and after being expelled from Vienna, joined the army. Beethoven's utterly simple nature could neither educate nor understand a human being who was not possessed by the wish to do his best. His nature was passionately affectionate, and he has suffered all his life from the want of a natural outlet for it. He had often been deeply in love and made no secret of it; there was no one that was not honorable and respected by society as showing the truthfulness and self-control of a great man. Beethoven's orthodoxy in such matters has provoked the smiles of Philistines, especially when it showed itself in his objections to Mozart, Don Giovanni and the grounds for selecting the subject of Fidelio for his own opera. The last thing that Philistines will never understand is that genius is far too independent of convention to abuse it; and Beethoven's life, with all its mistakes, its grotesqueness, and its pathos, is as far beyond the shafts of Philistine wit as his art.

The sentence "genius is far too independent of convention to abuse it" implies that ______.

A．an artist does not understand conventional morality

B．Philistines expect geniuses to be morally conventional

C．Beethoven lived within a conventional moral code

D．Don Giovanni abuses conventional standards

74. A) rules

B) scales

C) laws

D) standards

Privacy standards made by individual states are ineffective because______.

A．the standards of different states contradict each other

B．online communication is not restricted to any state

C．these standards ignore the federal law on the matter

D．these standards are only applicable to regional web sites

A.Organization for Standards Institute

B.Organization for Internet Standards

C.Open Standards Institute

D.Open Systems Interconnection