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A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ________.
A) its intelligence and cost are beyond question
B) it is able to bear the rough environment
C) it is made as complex as the human brain
D) its architecture is different from that of the present ones
答案
更多“A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ________.A) its intelligence and c”相关的问题
第1题
A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when ______.
A．its intelligence and cost are beyond question
B．it is able to bear the rough environment
C．it is made as complex as the human brain
D．its architecture is different from that of the present ones
第2题
The purpose in writing this text is______.
A．to tell people how serious the damage caused by landslides is
B．to tell people that sending workers to stabilize mountainsides is a risky job
C．to introduce a product that can be used to stabilize mountainsides
D．to show people how to use a new robot
第3题
根据以下材料，回答题
Biorobotics
Surgeons are being able to enter the eye to carry out operations——atleast in a virtual sense.
Techniques derived from virtual reality- the computer system that immerses operations in an artificial computer-generatedworld —— will allow surgeons to feel as if he could see the inside of， the eyeduring an operation， creating the illusion that they are actually there.
Researchers at the Biorobotics （生物机械人技术） Laboratory of McGill University in Montreal are building a robot， known as Micro SurgeryRobot-1 （MSR-I for short） ， that will perform. delicate operations under thecontrol of a human surgeon. The robot is specifically designed for performing eye surgery but could have other applications， such as the removal ofbrain tumors.
The system could also be used to allow surgeons and theirstudents to practice simulated surgery that feel like the real thing —— withoutthe real consequences for the patients.
During the operations， the surgeon manipulates a set of controls knownas the master. These are connected through a high-performance computer tothe robot. Both the master and the robot have two limbs. When the surgeonmoves the master"s limbs， the robot"s limbs move in exactly the same way， except that the movements can be sealed down as much as a thousandtimes. This will eliminate hand tremor and poor accuracy and thus reducethe damage to the eye that can occur with present microsurgery techniques.Each of the robot"s limbs has a minimum movement of one micrometer——more than one hundred times the precision of the human hand.
The computer also creates a three-dimensional robot"s eye view of theinside of the eye that the surgeon can see by wearing a virtual reality helmet （头盔） that has a small lens in front of each eye.
To provide the surgeon with such a realistic experience， MSR-I must beable to move rapidly，but this requires extremely fast computing. To handlethe computational demands of instant interaction， the McGill team is constructing its own parallel-processing computer. It is also studying areas such asmuscle mechanism， artificial intelligence and optics， and has already built another microrobot， MR-I， capable of manipulating a single living cell.
The so-called "virtual reality" mentioned in this passage refers to __________. 查看材料
A.operations conducted inside the eye
B.computer-created illusions that assist in operations
C.new applications of visual technology
D.new notions that help improve microsurgery
第4题
The University of the West of England's David McGoran takes his Heart Robot on a touchy feely tour, allowing it to come face to face with a spider-like robot built by Matt Denton of Micromagic Systems. Both robots are being displayed at the London Science Museum until July 31st.
The heart robot that "enjoys" being hugged and stroked could be among the first robots to signify a new era of "emotional machines" used for medical treatment and enjoyment, according to one of its inventors.
It has a beating heart which rises when the body is shaken, but slows down when treated calmly. In addition, Heart's eyes flutter in response to touch.
David McGoran, of the University of the West of England, predicts the part-puppet, part-machine creation he helped develop is an example of how robots will increasingly adopt human characteristics. "Right now we're seeing the first implementations in toys, "he told BBC News. "There are little robotic dinosaurs. There's a new robotic toy from the film Wall-E that's coming out, and that's a very expressive robot." Nevertheless he believes there could be major implications for social care, with research already taking place into giving elderly care homes robots that express emotions.
"This raises really interesting social and ethical questions," said Mr. McGoran. He added that there could be many benefits, particularly for people taking medical treatment. "If scientists can put this natural interface into robots then it would be much easier for us to relate to robots. "
The Heart Robot is on display alongside a face-tracking insect-like robot. The "ic Hexapod" by Micromagic Systems has been programmed to recognize human facial features and follow people as they move around. It tracks human faces and takes photos. Like the Heart Robot, it is billed as an example of the increasingly sophisticated ways in which machines are able to recognize and mimic human behavior.
Mr. McGoran went to London because______.
A．he wants to take his robot on a touchy feely tour
B．he wants to see Matt Denton
C．he wants to show the spider-like robot
D．heart robot will be displayed there
第5题
根据下列材料，请回答题
The Robot Man
According to Hans Moravec， universal robots will take over all the physical activities that we engage in，leaving us with little to do. Moravec sees four generations on the road to true universal robots. The first generation will be here by 2010 and will consist of free-ranging robots that can navigate by building an internal mental map of their surroundings. In new situations they"ll be able to adapt， unlike today"s mobile industrial robots. These robots will have the computing power to cope with simple speech and text recognition， and will be used for tasks such as domestic cleaning.
The second generation will arrive around 2020 and will be distinguished by the ability to learn. Second generation robots are programmed with sets of primitive tasks and with feedback that provide" pleasure" and" pain" stimuli. For example， a collision provokes a negative response， a completed task would be positive.
Move forward another ten years to 2030 and you get to generation three. This robot can build internal simulations of the world around it. Before beginning a task， it can imagine what will happen in order to predict problems. If it has a free moment， it can replay past experiences and try variations in order to find a better way of doing things next time. It could even observe a person or another robot performing a task and learn by imitation. For the first time， we have here a robot that can think.
By the time we get to generation four in 2040， Moravec predicts that robots will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour; generalise abstract ideas from specific experience; and conversely， compile detailed plans of action from general commands such as "earn a living" or"make more robots".
The Moravec manifesto （宣告） runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in generation one， they"ll begin to take on many tasks in industry. Driven by the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force， the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items. So much so that they"ll move into the home， where the domestic robot will relieve us of many chores.
With increasing automation in generations two and three， the length of the average working day will plummet， eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry， but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass our human limitations.
These future machines will be our" mind children". Like biological children of previous generations， they will embody humanity"s best hope for a long-term future.
What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots？ 查看材料
A.They will be able to recognize speeches and texts.
B.They will be able to learn by themselves.
C.They will be able to predict problems.
D.They will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour.
第6题
请根据短文的内容，回答题。
The Robot Man
According to Hans Moravec, universal robots will take over all the physical activities that we engage in, leaving us with little housework to do. Moravec sees four generations on the road to true universal robots. The first generation will be here by 2010 and will consist of free-ranging robots that can navigate by building an internal mental map of their surroundings. In new situations they&39;ll be able to adapt, unlike today&39;s mobile industrial robots. These robots will have the computing power, to cope with simple speech and text recognition, and will be used for tasks such as domestic cleaning.＜br＞
The second generation will arrive around 2020 and will be distinguished by the ability to learn.＜br＞
Second generation robots are programed with sets of primitive tasks and with feedback that provide"pleasure" and "pain" stimuli. For example, a collision provokes a negative response, a completed task would be positive.＜br＞
Move forward another ten years to 2030 and you get to generation three. This robot can build internal simulations of the word around it. Before beginning a task, it can imagine what will happen in order to predict problems. If it has a free moment, it can replay past experiences and try variations in order to fred a better way of doing things next time. It could even observe a person or another robot performing a task and learn by imitation. For the fast time, we have here a robot that can think.＜br＞
By the time we get to generation four in 2040, Moravec predicts that robots will be able. to match human reasoning and behaviour, generalise abstract ideas from specific experience, and conversely,compile detailed plans of action from general commands such as "earn a living" or "make more robots".＜br＞
(宣告 ) runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in＜br＞
The Moravec manifesto generation one, they&39;ll begin to take on many tasks in industry. Driven by the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force, the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items, that they&39;ll move into the home,where the domestic robot will relieve us of lots of housework.＜br＞
With increasing automation in generations two and three, the length of the average working day will plummet, eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry, but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass (超越) our human limitations.＜br＞
These future machines will be our "mind children". Like biological children of previous generations, they will embody humanity&39;s best hope for a long-term future.
What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots？ 查看材料
A.They will be able to learn by themselves
B.They will be able to recognize speeches and texts
C.They will be able to predict problems
D.They will be able to match human reasoning and behavior
第7题
根据下列文章,请回答 31～35 题。
Text 3
Autonomous robots are able to move and decide by themselves. At a simple level, these can include robot Vacuum cleaners that "decide" what to react to human behaviors without human intervention.
The University of the West of England's David McGoran takes his Heart Robot on a touchy feely tour, allowing it to come face to face with a spider-like robot built by Matt Denton of Micromagic Systems. Both robots are being displayed at the London Science Museum until July 31st.
The heart robot that "enjoys" being hugged and stroked could be among the first robots to signify a new era of "emotional machines" used for medical treatment and enjoyment, according to one of its inventors.
It has a beating heart which rises when the body is shaken, but slows down when treated calmly. In addition, Heart's eyes flutter in response to touch.
David McGoran, of the University of the West of England, predicts the part-puppet, part-machine creation he helped develop is an example of how robots will increasingly adopt human characteristics. "Right now we're seeing the frist implementations in toys, "he told BBC News. "There are little robotic dinosaurs. There's a new robotic toy from the film Wall-E that's coming out, and that's a very expressive robot. " Never the less he believes there could be major implications for social care with research already taking place into giving elderly care homes robots that express emotions.
"This raises really interesting social and ethical questions," said Mr. McGoran. He added that there could be many benefits, particularly for people taking medical treatment. "If scientists can put this natural interface into robots then it would be much easier for us to relate to robots."
The Heart Robot is on display alongside a face-tracking insect-like robot. The "ic Hexapod" by Micromagic Systems has been programmed to recognize human facial features and follow people as they move around. It tracks human faces and takes photos. Like the Heart Robot, it is billed as an example of the increasingly sophisticated ways in which machines are able to recognize and mimic human behavior.
第 31 题 Mr. McGoran went to London because_______.
A．he wants to take his robot on a touchy feely tour
B．he wants to see Matt Denton
C．he wants to show the spider-like robot
D．heart robot will be displayed there
第8题
听力原文： We are now living in a world in which robots are taking over much of the work.Robots make our cars, fly our planes and work out wages.
But these robots are not mechanical men and women.They do not look like us.They are machines specially built to do some of the things that human beings can.
Although they may not look like us,robots need some human features in order to be able to do human work.First of all they need some kind of brain.Their "brain" is a computer,which has a memory to human member instructions and ability to control other equipment.Another essential feature of many robots is an arm that can do the kind of things that human beings can with their arms.One-armed robots are now coming into widespread use in industry.They are being used,for example,on car assembly lines.
The great advantage of robots over human workers is that they can work non-stop for long periods. They never get tired,and always work with the same accuracy.They can also work in conditions that humans could not bear.Last but not least,as more robots are built,their cost will come down.
Although robots are rapidly taking over many jobs in industry, they seem a long way from taking over in the home. The problem is that it would take a very complex and costly robot to perform. half the tasks involved in housework.
According to the speaker,what can the present-day robots do？
A．Drive cars.
B．Fly planes.
C．Pay wages.
D．Repair machines.
第9题
听力原文：W: Hi, Paul. All set for your speech club presentation this evening？
M: Yeh, I'm going to discuss robots.
W: Robots？ You mean those machines that walk and talk like in the movies？
M: No, industrial robots, like those which were used in automotive and electronics industries.
W: Come to think of it, I saw an article about that kind of robot the other day. There were pictures of robots welding cars, but they certainly didn't look the way 1 thought robot should look.
M: The robots we usually imagine are made up in science fiction. In industry robots are designed to do specific set of operations, such as welding car frames. They are rarely built to resemble humans.
W: Actually, all they need is a kind of brain to give signals and mechanism such as an arm to carry out instructions, right？
M: Right! Tiny computers become the brains of these robots. The computers send signal in a form. of electrical impulses that move an arm and a claw. The claw does particular kind of work.
W: Ok. but we have machines on the assembly line doing work for people for years. That's what started the Industrial Revolution, remember？
M: But each of those machines can only perform. a single operation and it takes months to modify them, The new industrial robots can each do a number of tasks and it's easy to reprogram them to perform. totally different operations. That's one reason why they're becoming so popular.
W: They increase productivity, don't they？ I read that even though they are still quite expensive, they often cost less per year than a worker doing the same job. I imagine robots will be used more and more.
(20)
A．Industrial specifications.
B．Computer development.
C．Scientific drawings.
D．Science fiction.
