Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to

第1题

Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but dost of it is too dry for people to

live in. Around the edge of this huge dry part are large sheep and cattle farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest states in America. Often the nearest neighbors are many hundred miles away.

The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australian farms. It works much like a telephone. A person can listen to someone else talk and give an answer.

When these radios first came into using, the Australian government set up for them in some areas. At a certain time each day, the boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities miles away. Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbors. "Round Robin (知更鸟) Talks" by radio were started to keep families in touch with each other. They could talk about who was going away or who was sick or who was getting married. The men could talk about their sheep and cattle and how much money the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.

This passage tells us something about ______.

A．how large Australia is

B．why the radio is important in Australia

C．how the radio is used in Australia

D．both B and C

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第2题

There are thousands of different languages in the world. Everyone seems to think that his

native (本国的) language is the most important one, as it is their first language. For many people it is even their only language all their lives. But English is the world's most widely used language.

As a native language, English is spoken by nearly three hundred million people in the U. S. A., England, Australia and some other countries.

For people in India and many other countries, English is often necessary for business, education and other activities (活动). So English is the second language there.

As a foreign language, no other language is more widely studied or used than English. We use it to listen to the radio, to read books or to travel. It is also one of the working languages in the United Nations and is more used than the others.

The native language is a person's ______ language.

A．first

B．only

C．foreign

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第3题

Home, Sweet（and Sour) HomeOn August 15, 1945, the day that war ended, Australia was jubila

Home, Sweet(and Sour) Home

On August 15, 1945, the day that war ended, Australia was jubilant. A month later it was more wary. In conversations around the teapot on the kitchen table, there was not often a glowing optimism about the future. It was the best and worst of times for the 550,000 Australian servicemen and women who began to return home from the war. Australia then had only seven million people. Regulations and rationing abounded. You could get a job, but not a car. Beer was hard to get, telephone calls hard to make. What we ate was stodge and the clothes we wore were often ill-fitting. Life was dull, but safe. Violent crime was almost non-existent, drugs unknown. The new era of the atom bomb was expected to be unsafe. Many also predicted unemployment would return just as it returned after World War I. And yet many Australians believed that with determination and purpose they might somehow create a better Australia.

Joseph Chifley, the nation's Prime Minister, was probably closer to socialism than any other Prime Minister in Australia's history. A steam locomotive driver for much of his working life, he had educated himself in nearly everything from public finance to literature after he left school, and now in his sixtieth year his chance had come. In Canberra he and his political colleagues sketched plans for providing more social security and economic regulations than Australians had ever known. In the following four years Chifley controlled daily life far more than most Australians would now accept, but in 1945 they gladly accepted regulations in the belief that they were temporary and in the nation's interest in a time of scarcity and transition. There was regulation of rents, regulation of food prices, regulation of the size and design of new houses, regulation of travel, regulation of the workplace of dentists as well as that of unskilled workers. Even after the war various goods continued to be rationed. People had to hand in a rationing coupon(票据) to buy meat and sugar, butter and tea. Petrol was rationed until 1950. Nearly all communications were still impeded by wartime shortages. In 1942, the sending of congratulatory telegrams for Christmas, New Year or Mother's Day had been banned, and they did not appear again until the first Christmas after the war. In those days a telegram was delivered by a boy on a government bicycle. At that time most houses in Australia possessed no telephone exchange. You did not dial a number—rather you took the phone off the hook and waited for someone at the telephone exchange to pick up your call and connect the number you requested. The idea of making an overseas phone call just did not enter most people's heads.

For a year or so after the war, many goods were too scarce to be rationed and were rarely to be found. Beef and cigarettes were often in short supply. A thousand items available in shops in 1940 could not be bought at the end of 1945. Early in the war tens of thousands of Australians had predicted shortages and put away small hoards of items likely to become unprocurable: Imported tins of salmon and sardines, bottles of Scotch and imported lime juice and perfume, and many kinds of foods and trinkets. Even when the war ended, many people kept their hoards untouched because the scarcity continued.

Farmers, then as now, were struggling. The typical farm was in debt, either to banks or to country storekeepers, many of whom themselves were in debt. We complain about droughts but in the south-eastern quarter of Australia a typical in land farmer and his wife aged about 50 had experienced more droughts and more dust storms than their children and grand children were to experience. Drought parched most wheatlands in the last phase of the war and towns were blinded by dust storms. In November 1944, some trains were halted by sands drifting onto tracks, irrigation channels were filled by sand in stead of water and a

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第4题

根据以下材料，回答题Toads Are Arthritis and in PainArthritis is an illness that can cause p

根据以下材料，回答题

Toads Are Arthritis and in Pain

Arthritis is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads， a big problem in the north of Australia， are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone， a new study has shown.

The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs.__________ （46）

The large yellow toads， native to South and Central America， were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 1935 in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country，and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year.

The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. __________ （47） A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.

The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals， and sometimes pets， that eat the toads die immediately from their poison， and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. __________ （48）

A co-author of the new study， Rick Shine， a professor at the University of Sydney， says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and the Northern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active， sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.

According to the results of the study， the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometer a night.__________（49） But speed and strength come at a price——arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.

In laboratory tests， the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping， arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop （跳跃） . __________ （50） These toads are so programmed to move， apparently， that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones， continuing their relentless march across the landscape.

回答（46）题查看材料

A.But this advantage also has a big drawback——up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.

B.The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.

C.But arthritis didn"t slow down toads outside the laboratory.

D.Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances while the others are being left behind.

E.Toads are not built to be road runners——they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.

F.Furthermore， they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia"s native species.

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第5题

Studying in Sydney, Australia—an Overview for International Students Australia has been a

Studying in Sydney, Australia—an Overview for International Students

Australia has been a popular choice for thousands of international students over many years. Australia's universities and colleges have become increasingly recognized overseas for their exceptionally high standard. In addition, Australia is conveniently close to South-East Asia (Jakarta, the capital of Australia's closest Asian neighbor, Indonesia, is only 5,506 kilometers from Sydney). Revised entry procedures for overseas students have made it possible for an increasing number to study in Australia. Sydney, the largest Australian city, is the principal port of call for international airlines with services operating to Australia.

Named after an ex-Governor of New South Wales, Sydney is the state's capital, city. Located in the south-east of Australia in the temperate zone (温带), it enjoys a mild climate, averaging 14.5 hours of sunshine per day in summer and 10.25 hours in winter. It is also the largest, oldest, and perhaps most beautifully situated city in Australia. First established by the British as a convict settlement in 1788, it is a modem cosmopolitan (世界性的) city that has developed into one of the nation's major industrial, business, and manufacturing centers.

Sydney is home to nearly 4.4 million people (as of 1997). The suburbs reach out from the city center and harbor some 55 km to the north, 35 km to the west and 30 km to the south, creating a metropolitan (大城市) area of about 3,000 square kilometers. The 57 square kilometer harbor is one of the largest in the world, and famous for the unmistakable 134 meter high arch of the Harbor Bridge and the graceful sails of the Opera House. It is a busy waterway with ferries, freighters, hydrofoils (水翼船) and pleasure craft.

Not far from the city center are the attractive old residential suburbs of Balmain, Glebe, and Paddington, where many people live in smart terraced houses, art galleries, pubs, and restaurants abound in(充满)the cozy streets that tend to be quite narrow, whereas the suburbs surrounding the city's colleges and universities consist mainly of family homes and multiunit blocks, an ideal situation for students looking for a home-stay, or to rent. Sydney's newer suburbs now have a large multicultural population, and local shopping centers reflect the influences of many cultures.

Sydney is home to the State Art Gallery of New South Wales, the state Conservatorium of Music, the Australian Opera, the Sydney Dance Company, and the Australian Ballet. The world-class Sydney Symphony Orchestra offers superb classical music all year round. Local theatre is innovative and well supported, and large-scale overseas productions tour regularly.

As well as scores of cinemas and theatres throughout the city and suburbs, there are numerous clubs which appeal to people of all ages, and cater for (迎合) all tastes. Pubs are the venue (集合地点) for smaller modern bands, while the big-name popular music artists, both local and international, attract capacity audiences at the huge Entertainment Center in the heart of the city.

Dining out

In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates (口味) and pockets. In summer, caf6 patrons (顾客) often sit outside at tables under umbrellas, and enjoy the passing parade of shoppers. Students who prefer to cook at home can choose from several large weekend markets, where fresh fruit, fish, and vegetables may he bought more cheaply than at the local supermarket. Sydney also has its own Chinatown.

Shopper's delight

In the heart of the city are several big department stores linked by enclosed over-the-street crossings and underground walkways. Most noticeable are the towering Centrepoint Complex and the Queen Victoria Building, both containing many shopping arcades (拱廊), coffee shops and restaurants. Out

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

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第6题

As one of the biggest restaurants in the world, McDonald's origination and development has

been a miracle in this field. The McDonald's story began in 1954 in San Bernardino, California. At first, the restaurant is run by two brothers, Dick and Mac McDonald. It didn't go very well at first; at one time it was nearly closed. However, the two brothers insisted on and overcame the difficulties , and made it turn for the better day by day.

Ray Kroc, a milk shake machine salesman, saw the massive potential of the brothers' business and decided to get involved. He purchased the rights from the brothers, on April 15th, 1955. He became the McDonald brothers' first franchisee when he opened his own McDonald's restaurant in Des Plaines, a suburb just north of Chicago.

The entry of Ray Kroc into the business contributed to the development in the history of McDonald's. He bought the rights to expand the McDonald's concept outside of California and Arizona, and quickly built the restaurant chain and by 1959 over 100 restaurants were in operation.

What is the secret of Ray Kroc？ As a matter of fact, the restaurant was a favor for many of the local teens at first and the menu was primarily barbeque items. Eight years later, the restaurant was closed for several months as it was renovated to become a restaurant that served food and was easy to prepare and served quickly. The food was very limited including Hamburgers, French fries and cold drinks. The employees prided themselves on creating an assembly line type of food preparation and being speedy in getting their food to the customers. The very basic step paved the path to glory. It separated McDonald's from the rest of the competitors and attributes to their great success. The restaurant proved to be an instant success.

By 1984, McDonald's served 17 million customers a day that was equivalent to serving lunch to the entire population of Australia and New Zealand. Today, McDonald's becomes one of the most famous and successful "fast food" chain in America and the world. McDonald's restaurants are now located in 31,000 locations all over the world, and the company employs more than 1. 5 million people. Just have a look at its development in UK. In September 2004 the UK company-owned restaurants employed 43, 491 people: 40, 699 hourly-paid restaurant employees, 2, 292 restaurant managers, and 500 office staff. McDonald's franchisees employed a further 25,000 people.

Which of the following about McDonald's is true？

A．It is started by brothers McDonald and Ray Kroc.

B．It is highly welcomed at the beginning.

C．Its barbeque is the most favorable among people.

D．Its prosperousness is mostly due to Ray Kroc.

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第7题

根据以下材料，回答题Middle Age: A Low Point for MostPeople around the globe hit the height

根据以下材料，回答题

Middle Age: A Low Point for Most

People around the globe hit the height of their misery and depression in middle 51_________ .， a new international study suggests. The finding by British and American researchers was based on an analysis of well-being among approximately 52_________ million people in 80 nations. With few exceptions，the observation appears to apply across the board， regardless 2 gender （性别）， culture，geography， wealth， job history， education， and marriage or parental status.

"The scientific fact seems to be that happiness and positive mental health follow a giant "U" 53_________ through life，" said study author Andrew J. Oswald， a professor of economics at Warwick University in Warwickshire， England. "For the average person， it"s high when you"re 20， and then it slowly 54_________ and bottoms out in your 40s. But the good news is that your 55_________ health picks up again， and eventually gets back to the high levels of your youth."

The finding was 56_________ on the pooling of several different sources of happiness data，including: two multi-decade happiness/satisfaction surveys （first launched in the 1970s）， involving about 500，000 American and Western European men and women; four rounds of the 80-nation "World Values Survey" 57_________ between 1981 and 2004 in North America， Eastern and WesternEurope， Asia， Africa， Australia， and Central and South America; and a 2004-2007 survey 58_________ nearly 1 million Britons.

The bottom-line: For most people throughout the world， the highest probability for 59_________ striking is around 44 years of age.

In the United States， however， some as-yet unexplained 60_________ differences were observed， with happiness among men dipping the most in their early 50s， whereas women hit their nadir （最低点） around the age of 40.

The researchers cautioned that cheerful people tend to live longer than unhappy. 61_________ – a fact that might have skewed （使偏斜） the overall finding. But they also suggested that evidence of a happiness 62_________ might simply reflect a midlife choice to give up long-held but no longer tenable （守得住的） aspiration （志向）， followed by a senior"s sense of gratitude for having successfully endured 63_________ others did not.

"That said， some might find it helpful simply to understand the general 64_________ of mental health as they go through their own life，" said Oswald. "It might be useful for people to realize that if they are 65_________ in their 40s this is normal. It is not exceptional. And just knowing this might help".

回答（51）题查看材料

A.age

B.place

C.height

D.degree

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第8题

There is a continuing debate in Australia about ________.

A、whether Australia should join the EEC (now European Union)

B、whether Australia should remain a monarchy or become a republic

C、whether Australia should develop its own manufacturing

D、whether Australia should build its own defence