The greatest achievement made by Florence Nightingale was ______.

Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world&39;s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. "It is very clear," he told me. "They were all Jews(犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. " As a result, every Jewish parent&39;s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. ？

Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. "In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. " says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War Ⅱ, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese？

That&39;s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.

Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because ______ .

A.it would allow them access to a better life in the West

B.Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent

C.they wanted their children to enter into the professional field

D.it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country

Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .A.enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence

B.treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development

C.encourage people to compete with each other

D.promise talented children high positions

Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .A.all-round development.

B.the learning of Western music

C.strict training of children

D.variety in academic studies

Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage？A.A natural gift.

B.Extensive knowledge of music.

C.Very early training.

D.A prejudice-free society.

Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage？A.Jewish Contribution to Music.

B.Training of Musicians in the World

C.Music and Society

D.The Making of Prodigies

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

Passage Four:Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. “They were all Jews (犹太人) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.

Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.

That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.

第26题：Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because ________.

A) it would allow them access to a better life in the West

B) Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent

C) they wanted their children to enter into the professional field

D) it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country

r professions believe that the United States must adopt some new values to go along with the older traditional ones. What new values should Americans adopt？ This is a very difficult question to answer. Certainly, a greater value should be placed on the conservation of natural resources; Americans should learn to use less and waste less.

In addition, Americans may need to place a strong value on cooperation on a national scale to achieve important national objectives. The American idea of the national good has never been based on national cooperation but rather on the freedom of the individual, maintaining those conditions that provide the greatest freedom and prosperity for the individual. It is far more difficult for Americans to accept shared sacrifice for the common good and well-being of the entire country. For example, although the majority of Americans believe that it is extremely important to balance the national budget and reduce the deficit, they do not want to see cuts in government programs that benefit them personally.

The American value of competition also hinders the development of a spirit of national cooperation. Competition sometimes encourages feelings of suspicion rather than the mutual trust that is necessary for successful national cooperation. Although Americans often cooperate successfully on the local level -- in neighborhood groups and churches, for example -- they become suspicious when the national government becomes involved. For example, on the national level, they may see themselves as part of an interest group that is competing with other interest groups for government funds. A request by the national government for shared sacrifice may be seen as coercive and destructive rather than voluntary and constructive. However, the demands of the 21st century may compel Americans to place a greater value on national cooperation to solve problems that affect them all, directly and indirectly.

Considering natural resources, what should Americans do according to the passage？

A．They should use less and waste less.

B．They should try to help the developing countries with the conversation of resources.

C．They should raise money in order to protect the natural resources.

D．They should be united as one to fight against the destruction of forests.

阅读材料，回答题。

Artificial Intelligence

For years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence and that it is just around the corner.The truth is that it may be just around the corner, but they haven&39;t yet found the fight block.

Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought,which is harder than you might think.The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computer now plays very, very good chess.

They can&39;t beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else.If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart.Why not a machine？ The answer is that the machine doesn&39;t do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best.Human don&39;t play chess that way.They see patterns, while computers don&39;t.

This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence.Computers have no judgment, no common sense.So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence aims to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting.There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine that can think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do.

The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success.But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one computers fall fiat on their display screens.For example.machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear.They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.

According to the passage， we know that the writer__________. 查看材料

A.thinks that artificial intelligence is just around the corner

B.doubts whether scientists can ever find artificial intelligence

C.does not believe that scientists have discovered real artificial intelligence

D.feels certain that scientists have obtained real artificial intelligence

A.achieve

B.to achieve

C.achieving

D.achieve

A.实习

B.实现

C.实际上

D.实体店

It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.

A) consistentB) continuousC) considerateD) continual

re ______.

A．certainly not the greatest in any way

B．neither the greatest nor the most civilized

C．possibly the most civilized but not the greatest

D．possibly the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized