Shipping time：Nov.30,2014

As usually,there are regular mode of chartering shipping or tramp shipping. They are( ).

A. voyage chartering B. time chartering

C. bareboat chartering D. term chartering

.S. Gulf Coast and ＄75/ton for sulfuric acid in the eastern United States. The railroad cost of shipping bulk cargoes in the United States. The railroad cost of shipping bulk cargoes in the United States was roughly ＄0.03 per ton mile.

A.The title passes when the shipping arrangements are made

B.The title passes at the time and place of contracting

C.The title passes when the destination of delivery is first mentioned in the contract

D.The title passes when and where the seller delivers the document to the buyer

A—assembly line

J—safety boots

B—packer

K—shipping clerk

C—forklift

L—time card

D—explosive materials

M—warehouse

E—fire extinguisher

N—hard hat

F—loading dock

O—earplug

G—machine operator

P—hand truck

H—electrical hazard

Q—safety earmuffs

I—conveyor belt

Examples： (F)装载码头 (K)运务员

51.()易爆材料 ()安全耳罩

52.()]二时卡 ()安全靴

53.()装配线 ()灭火器

54.()安全帽 ()手推车

55.()机器操作员 ()输送带

portunity, satisfied, informed, price

Firm offer of Men's shirt

Dear Sirs,

Thank you for your letter of April 5th asking for our(1)for Men's Shirt, and now we are sending you the following offer,(2)your reply reaching us here by the end of this month.

(3): Men's Shirt

(4): S/3, M/6, L/3

Color: white, blue, green yellow

Quantity: 6000dozens

Packing: each in a plastic bag and 10 dozens in a carton

(5): at buyer's option

(6): US $200 per dozen CIFC 2% Hong Kong.

Shipment: March/April, 2008

Terms of payment: By 100%(7)irrevocable L/C(8)by draft at sight to be opened 30 days before the time of shipment.

We hope our products will be(9)to you in every way and trust you will give us the(10)to serve you soon.

Yours truly,

听力原文： China announced Sunday its decision to lift retail diesel and gasoline prices for the first time in eight months, while setting up a mechanism to offer some subsidies to disadvantaged communities and public service sectors.

The recipients of the subsidies include grain growers, fishermen and fishing firms operating and fanning offshore or in inland areas, using oil-driven fishing boats, state-owned forestry enterprises and nurseries of forestry centers, urban public transportation firms, said the commission.

It said the government will pay a number of subsidies directly to grain growers to reduce the impact of the price hikes of diesel oil and chemical fertilizers and other agricultural production materials.

For operators of rural passenger shipping business, the commission said the government will reduce the impact mainly through such measures as adjusting the charges of transportation, and offering proper amount of subsidies to those in difficulty.

The commission said local governments will offset the increased financial burden on taxi drivers in the urban areas mainly through readjusting the charges of transportation and imposing surcharge on fuel oil.

The Chinese government has ordered various localities to implement the measures on subsidies while price regulators at various levels should improve inspection and supervision of prices of processed oil to maintain the stability of the oil prices.

(4)

A．They will remain stable.

B．They will be raised.

C．They have been changing all the time.

D．They are determined directly by the supply and demand of the market.

gest city in America. How to explain the change in its size and importance？

To answer this question we must consider certain facts about geography, history and economies. Together these three will explain the huge growth of America's most famous city.

The map of the Northeast shows that four of the most heavily-populated areas in this region are around seaports. At these points materials from across the sea enter America, and the products of the land are sent there for export across the sea.

Economists know that places where transportation lines meet are good places for making raw materials into completed goods. That is why seaports often have cities nearby. But cities like New York needed more than their geographical location in order to become great industrial centers. Their development did not happen simply by chance.

About 1815,when many Americans from the east coast had already moved to the west, trade routes from the ports to the central regions of the country began to be a serious problem. The slow wagons of that time, drawn by horses or oxen, were too expensive for moving heavy freight very far. Americans had long admired Europe's canals. In New York State a canal seemed the best solution to the transportation problem. From the eastern end of Lake Erie all the way across the state to the Hudson River there is a long trip of low land. Here the Erie Canal was constructed. After working for several years it was completed in 1825.

The canal produced an immediate effect. Freight costs were cut to about one-tenth of what they had been. New York City, which had been smaller than Philadelphia and Boston, quickly became the leading city of the coast. In later years, transportation routes on the Great Lakes were joined to mutes on the Mississippi River. Then New York City became the end point of a great inland shipping system that extended from the Atlantic Ocean far up the western branches of the ississippi.

The new railroads made canal shipping not important as before, but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country. It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas.

Exports from New York were greater than imports. Consequently, shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe. Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.

Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of them remained in the city. Others stayed in New York for a few weeks, months, or years, and then moved to other parts of the United States. For these great numbers of new Americans, New York had to provide homes, goods, and services. Their labor helped the city become great.

Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？

A．The Development of Transportation in New York.

B．Exports and Imports of New York.

C．How New York Became America's Largest City？

D．How New York Exchanged with Europe？

Complaints caused by not delivering according to the time and quantity

In the fall of 2006 ,one of our trading companies concluded a substantial rice business with an old customer in Africa. The terms of delivery are : shipment is to be made in equal monthly lots beginning from December,2006 to June,2007 and payment is to be made by irrevocable letter of credit 60 days after the date of the bill of lading. The customer established the L/C in time and all particulars of the rice, such as the name , specifications , unit price,total price and total quantity are in conformity with the contract. But the terms of shipment only stated " the latest date of shipment is June 30 ,to be shipped in several lots".

The staff in our trading company made the first shipment in December according to the quantity stated in the contract. However in order to export more and eam more foreign exchange earlier, they advanced the time of shipment regardless the shipment terms stipulated in the contract. In January 2007 , our company shipped the quantity of the first quarter once , and in February made the third shipment for the rest quantity that should be delivered in the second quarter, since our staff had not found any specifications "shipment is to be made in equal lots" in the L/C. At the same time our bank negotiated against presentation of the stipulated documents and subsequently asked the opening bank to pay for the goods. The opening bank examined the L/C and confirmed that the L/C had no error in it.

After receiving the shipping advice, the African customer found that the delivered quantity of the rice both in the second lot and third lot were not in accordance with the shipment terms stipulated in the contract, so a claim was filed by the customer against our trading company for default shipment. The amount claimed involved the added fees of chartering warehouse for the delivered goods, the interest and other charges etc. The two parties negotiated the compensation for several times, finally our company accepted the opposing party's opinion and agreed that the purchase price for the last two lots was to be paid four months later, that meant our company would receive the payment a few months later than che original stated time. According to Lhe current price in the international market at that time, our trading company suffered the loss equivalent to 10 percent of the original selling price.

Questions :

(1) What is the relationship between the letter of credit and the transaction contract？

(2) Which proof must the two parties concerned base on when they perform their obligations？

(Translate the case into Chinese and then answer the question)

Helpful hint: It is stipulated in Article 4 of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits that "in credit operations all parties concerned deal in documents and not in goods , service and/or other performance to which the documents may relate" .

听力原文： Alexander Fleming was bom on August 6th, 1881 on Darvel, Scotland. He was one of the eight children in the family. As a boy he showed a strong interest in nature.

Just before his 14th birthday he went to London to live with an older brother, Dr. Thomas Fleming. At 16 he went to work as a clerk for a shipping company.

When Fleming was twenty, an uncle died and left him a small sum of money. Determined to use the money wisely, he asked his brother's advice. Dr. Flemning suggested that he take an examination for medical college. He took the exam, and he got the highest score. He then began to study at St. Mary's Hospital in London.

When he completed his medical training, Fleming did not join his brother's practice as he had earlier intended. He decided to spend the rest of his life as a biologist.

It was in the fall of 1928 that Fleming discovered penicillin, the chemical produced by a mold called Penicillum. But it was two years before anyone attempted to produce pure penicillin in quantity. This was achieved by two other scientists, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain, during World War Ⅱ , in time to save the lives of thousands of wounded soldiers.

In 1945, he, Florey and Chain received the Nobel Prize for medicine.

Alexander Fleming died at the age of 71, on March 11th, 1955.

(33)

A．In Britain.

B．In the United States.

C．In Canada.

D．In France.

听力原文： Today I'm going to discuss transportation and communication in the early 19th century in the United States. At that time, inland waterways provided North America's most popular form. of long distance transportation. Travel by river was often more convenient than taking a wagon over primitive country roads, especially when shipping heavy loads of farm products or household goods, Where the natural water ways were inadequate, shallow canals were built. The Erie Canal, opened in 1825, connected the Great Lakes with the upper Hudson River. It allowed settlers in the Great Lakes region to send their crops eastward to New York City at the mouth of the Hudson at a much lower cost. From there, crops could be shipped to other Atlantic ports. The construction of the Erie Canal also encouraged westward migration along inland waterways and helped populate the frontier. The City of Detroit grew up between two of the Great Lakes. Later a canal joined the Great Lakes with the Mississippi river system and Chicago became a thriving city. Politically the waterway system united the nation in a way few had imagined possible. By the mid-1800's faster and cheaper railroads became more popular and the canal system de dined. Railroads could be used year round whereas canals were often frozen in the winter. During the first third of the century, however, transportation on rivers, lakes and canals aided greatly in the growth of the United States. Next week we'll discuss the railroads in greater detail.

(33)

A．The role of inland waterways in the nation's growth.

B．The development of New York City as a seaport.

C．The growth of the railroads.

D．The disappearance of the canal system.